Carbureter.



D MoR. LIVINGSTON.

GARBURBTER.

APPLIOATIOH FILED AUG 10, 1911.

Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

2 sann'r-snnn'r 1.

1 WITNESSES ATTORNEYS 1) Men. LIVINGSTON.

OARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 10, 1911.

1,112,374, Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

, I 2 8HEETS- SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEYS till D MoBA LIVINGSTOIhL or New You, n. Y.

cannon-mm Application filed August 10 Specification. of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 29, 1914-.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, D .McRA Lrvmos'ron, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of New York, borou h of Manhattan, in thecounty and State 0 New York, havesinvented a new and ImprovedCarburetor, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved form ofcarburetor, which will serve for the production of a proper fuel mixtureunder all conditions of opera tion of the engine.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification. in which similar reference characters indicatecorresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a portion of the carbureter,showing my improved nozzle. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of thenozzle. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on approximately the line 33.Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a modified form of nozzleembodying my invention, and Fi 5 is a horizontal section on line 55 0%Fig. 4.

My invention may be embodied-in any suitable carburetor body 10, havingthe usual reservoir, connecting as by a passage ll, with the chamber 12,closed by the usual screw plug 12, beneath the base plug 13 of thenozzle ll, the said nozzle extending as usual into the mixing tube 15,leadin to the engine, the said tube being provided with any approvedthrottle 16 and air inlet l7.

In the base 13 any suitable regulating plug may be provided, here shownas a single plug 18, havin a passa e 19 leading to the interior 0 thenozz e 14. The nozzle proper or main jet of my improved invention 1sformed by the'outer wall of the nozzle and an inner wall 20, providingan intermediate 'gasolene chamber 21. Within the inner wall 20, an airpipe 22 rises from the base 13 and is supplied with air through anysuitable. inlet 23 that desirably is connected with the air pipe 22 bythe peripheral grooye 24 in the base pl 13. and the connecting passage25that lea from the peripheral groove to the interior of the airpipe 22,at the base of the latter. lln connection with the air pipe 22, I pro-1911. Serial No. 648,312.

vide a device whereby the gasolene will form a liquid seal at the outletend 26 of said air pipe; advantageously this device for the seal mayconsist of a housing 27, that sur rounds the pipe to any desired extentalong the length thereof, but preferabl only extending a short distancebelow t e top, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The housing 27, ispreferabl closed,-except for the provision of an out et, so formed thatmore or less air ma be drawn from the air pipe 22 and throug the housing27, sothat there will be a gradual breakin oflthe liquid seal and-.aconsequent gra ual increase in the amount of air drawn through thenozzle, according'to the extent of the vacuum produced by the speed ofthe engine. Desirably the outlet from the housing may consist of adiagonal series of holes 29, leading outward from the interior of thehousing 27, to the space between the said housing and the inner wall 20of the main jet or nozzle proper. It will be observed that thepipe 22,and its housin 27, form in connection with the inner wal 20, of the mainjet, a gasolene chamber 30, constituting a second or auxiliary jet.There may be in practice any suitable means for supplying both the outerjet or-nozzle proper and the auxiliary jet or chamber with gasolene. Inthe present instance there is a single plug 18, leading to the chamber30, and any suitable opening 32, may be providedin the wall 20,establishing a communication between the inner and outer jets. Theregulation at the base,however, need only be approximate, because itwill be seen that the described liquid seal for the air pipe and-thecapacity of'the diagonal openings 29, determine the amount of.air drawnthrough the auxiliary jet under high speed. Normally both jets willsimply deliver gasolene only when the engine is under slow speed, butupon an increase of the speed, the air will be drawn into the chamber 30which constitutes the passage between the fuel connection and the"outlet of the nozzle of the auxiliaryjet or feed device, the air. beingdrawn. into-said chamber. or assage through the air inlets 29 leadingthereto, and as these inlets are at different levels, under increasingspeed an increasing amount of air wilLbe drawn into the chamber 30through successive inlets brought under the influence of the suction, tomix with the fuel being drawn upward in the said fuel chamber toward thenozzle outlet. Thus there is a relatively decreasing fuel discharge fromthe auxiliary nozzle or jet under the suction of increasing engine speedas compared with the main fuel-feed jet, the latter being fully respon:sive with a relatively increasing fuel discharge.

The dotted line in the gasolene reservoir at the left of Fig. 1indicates approximately the height of thegasolene in said reservoir, andthe gasolene' will rise ordinarily to a similar height in the gasolenechambers 21 and 30. r

It will be seen that the described automatically regulating nozzle isself-contained, the members being mounted on the plug 13, which can bereadily adapted to most forms of carbureters now in use, a slightmodification only being necessary to rovide the necessary induct for theair to t e contained air chamber of the nozzle.

Referring to Fi s. 4 and 5, I have shown another form of t is nozzle, inwhich the air chamber 35, is at the exterior of the nozzle instead ofthe center asin the first described form. "Within the outer skirt ordepending casin 36, forming an outer wall of the air eham er35, thereare supported on the base 37, spaced, concentric walls,

3839, forming concentric gasolene cham: hers or jets 4041, provided withseparate gasolene ducts, 4243, controlled by regu'; ating plugs, 44-45,In connection with the casing or wall 39, of the inner chamber or jet,41, I preferably provide a bushing 46, which reduces or contracts theuper outlet end of the said chamber 41, and may also provide as shown adeflector 47, said deeetor extending from the wall 39 and flaringoutwardly and u wardly, above" the gasolene chamber 40, t e outer edgeofthe deflector being joined by a horizontal portion 48 to the exteriorwall or skirt 36 of the air chamber 35, thus formin a passage betweenthe ,upperend ofthe sa'i air chamber and the upper end of-the adjacent,ascleneehamberw. Near the upper end 0 the interior wall 39, said wall isprovided with a diagona-l series of orifices e9, thereb establishing acommunication between t e two solene chambers or jets, 40-41. Above t eoutlet end 46 of the chamber 41, a plu fiO nay bescrewed, provided atits lower en with an inverted, truncated cone 51, disposedopposite'toand s seed from the deflector 47 for deflecting an mpreefiectivelybreaking up thegasoleneor mixturei issuing from the outlet46, the mixture final y finding an outlet through holes 52 in the upperend of the nozzle beiow the screw plug 50 therein.

lay-the ene" tr'oughthe outlet 4J8,

soiene will be taken without any admixture of air taking place in thenozzle while the engine is running at slow speed. I pon an increase ofspeed, however, the level of the gas'olene in the chamber 40 will belowered and air will be taken along with the gasolene through theopenings 49 in proportion to the increase in the speed.

In both forms of the invention, the air chamber is provided in thenozzle itself, so that the nozzleis self-contained and may be completelyinserted in a carbureter, ada ted to receive the base plug 13 or 37. In0th forms also, the upper end of the air chamber is sealed by thegasolene, .under normal or slow speed conditions.

Although the invention is mainly designed to produce a self-contained,automatically controlled nozzle, functioning without adventitious air orfuel chambers for governing the suction control of the air supply underhigh speeds, it will be obvious that in some of its aspects theinvention is not limited to a self-contained nozzle.

To prevent a too sudden breakin of the liquid seal of the air'chamberthe ousing 27 or the next adjacent wall, 21, or both, may be formed outof parallelism, asby tapering the housing as at 27, Fig. 2. In this waythe suction, after partially breaking the liuid seal, will have a lesspronounced e ect in drawing in the air, owing to' the graduallyincreased widening of the throat or space between the housing and theadjacent wall.

- .Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. A carbureter nozzle com rising a suction controlled jet and an airuct extending into the nozzle and having a suction controlled fuel sealat its outlet end within the nozzle, the sealed area of the said outletof the air duct decreasing with the extent of the suction exerted on thenozzle.

2. In .a carbureter, the combination of a fuel reservoir, a nozzlehaving a fuel feed jet communicating with said reservoir, and an airfeed provided with a variable outlet with'n the nozzle adjacent to theoutlet of the uel feed jet, and having a suction controlled fuel seal,lowering in pro ortion to the suction exerted on the fuel fee jet.

3- In a carbure ter, a fuel feed device having a fuel connection, anoutlet, a fuel passage from the fuel connection to the outlet, andairinlets leadin to the said fuel passage at diiferent'leves between thefuel connection and the outlet, the said air inlets being normallysealed, under low speeds, by the fuel,

4. In a carbureter, a main fuel feed device and an auxiliary fuel feeddevice, each having a fuel connection, an outlet, and a fuel 1 from thefuel connection to the outlet, and the auxiliary feed device having Intestimony whereof I have signed my air inlets leading to the fuel assagethereof name to this specification in the presence of at difi'erentlevels between t e fuel connectwo subscribing witnesses. tio'n'and theoutlet, the said air inlets being D McRA LIVINGSTON. normally sealed bythe fuel at low speeds Witnesses:

and admitting air in succession under high J. L. MOAULIFFE,

speeds. JOHN P. DAVIS.

